What is immunity?
If an animal or a person has developed immunity to a particular disease, there is no risk, or only a very small risk, of catching it. Immunity is gained in two ways:
- through regular vaccination;
- by having the disease and recovering from it.
What immunity do young animals have?
Dogs and cats pass some of their immunity (antibodies) on to their puppies and kittens. Most of it is passed on in the first milk (colostrum) on the first or second day of life.
The immunity passed on by the mother protects a puppy or kitten from disease, but in the first few weeks of life it also makes vaccination less effective. Later this immunity gradually fades until the young animal becomes vulnerable to disease.
The aim of a vaccination programme is to keep that vulnerable period as short as possible. The average age at which puppies and kittens respond properly to vaccination is known, and vaccination programmes are based on it. Young animals usually need to be vaccinated more than once to be properly protected.
What is a booster vaccination?
A booster vaccination is needed to keep immunity at a level that protects the animal from infectious diseases. It "reminds" the immune system how to respond when it meets a life-threatening disease.
When should you vaccinate your pet?
Your vet is best placed to tell you when and how to vaccinate your pet. The vaccination programme takes into account national law and your pet's age and health. You can read more about vaccines on our vaccination service page.
If your pet has missed a booster, talk to your vet.
